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| NJM3548 UNIVERSAL SOURCE DRIVER s GENERAL DESCRIPTION NJM3548 is a bipolar universal high-current highly protected high side driver with transparent input and 2000mA continuous -current source capability. A low-level input activates the output. The driver is equipped with extensive electrical protection, such as over current protection and thermal protection, which makes the device virtually indestructible. Furthermore it can detect open circuit and short circuit to VCC. A special feature is the Error indicating output function pin which signals to the host system if the protection or the load check functions is activated. Typical loads are solenoids, relays or resistive loads. The NJM3548 and NJM3545 are complementary drivers and have similar data. s FEATURES * 2000mA continuous-output current s PACKAGE OUTLINE NJM3548TA2 * Short circuit to ground protection * Error signal to host system * Open circuit detection * Short circuit to VCC detection * Thermal protection * Built-in protection diodes * Package TO-220 (5-pin) s BLOCK DIAGRAM NJM3548 To logic Input Voltage reference Vcc Thermal protection QS R Short-circuit to GND protection h Output Error Short-circuit to Vcc detection Open circuit detection GND Figure 1. Block Diagram NJM3548 s PIN CONFIGURATION NJM 3548TA2 5 4 3 2 1 Output Supply GND Input Error Figure 2. Pin Configuration s PIN DESCRIPTION TO-220 Symbol Description 1 Error Error indicating pin. Sinks current to ground if the protection and/or detection circuitry is activated. Note: the current must be externally limited to 8 mA. TTL compatible input. A HIGH input signal turns the output transistor off and a LOW input turns it on. If the input is left open it will be detected as high level. Ground supply. Supply voltage. Nominally 5 V to 40 V. Output pin. Current flows out from this pin through the load to GND. Nominal current is 8 mA to 2 A. 2 3 4 5 Input GND Supply Output NJM3548 Active Output Output Voltage VCC VCC - 0.5 V VCC - 1.3 V Undefined Area Short Circuit to VCC Error Undefined Area Short Circuit Protection Output Voltage 100% VCC NJM3548 Inactive Output VCC - 3.0 V Undefined Area Open Circuit Normal Operation Short Circuit to VCC Error 50% VCC Undefined Area Output Current Undefined Area VCC - 4.5 V 30% VCC Normal Operation Overload or Short Circuit to GND Error I OS (min 2 A, max 4.5 A) I OMin (min 2 mA, max 8 mA) Figure 3. Error state vs. output voltage and output current, active output (0V VIN 0.8 V, 5 V < VCC < 40 V and -40C <+TJ >+100C) Figure 4. Error state vs. output voltage, inactive output (2.0 V VIN VCC, 5 V VCC 40 V and -40C s FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The circuit NJM3548 is a high side driver capable of driving resistive or inductive loads not exceeding 2 A. The driver has an error indicating function which generates an Error output signal when a fault condition has occurred. The circuits NJM3548 and NJM3545 are complementary drivers with equivalent functions and similar data. NJM3548 is a source driver and NJM3545 is a sink driver. Input stage The output stage is switched on and off according to the status of the input. LOW level activates the output. If the input is left open, the circuit will accept it as a HIGH level. Output stage The output stage contains a power transistor and two clamping diodes. The diodes are used for terminating line transients from inductive loads. If the driver is inactive and the output is shorted to VCC the driver will leak a maximum of 8A. See figure 18. Protection circuitry The circuit contains two protection circuits: * Overload and Short circuit protection * Thermal protection The overload and short circuit protection will be activated at Iout= 3.5 A typically at TJ= +25C, see figure 20. The output will be turned off immediately and latched to a high-impedance state after an overload or short circuit has been detected. A logic-level change at the input will reset the internal error latch. If the fault still is present at turn-on, the circuit Supply 4 I Ref 2 Input Output 5 3 GND GND 3 Figure 6. Output stage Figure 5. Input stage Fault condition Input Output Error LOW=ERROR HIGH=Normal How to resume normal operation Normal VOUT Short to VCC VOUT Short to GND Open load Over temperature TJ=130 C Figure 7. Error table 0 LOW 1 ON 1 HIGH 1 HIGH 0 LOW 0 0 LOW LOW ---- ---- Remove fault condition. Remove fault condition. Turn off and on after fault condition is removed. ---- Attach proper load to output or turn off the driver. ---- Temperature is reduced to approx 120C, or turn off the driver. ---- 1 HIGH 0 LOW 1 HIGH 0 LOW 1 HIGH 0 LOW 1 HIGH 0 LOW 1 HIGH 0 OFF 1 ON 0 OFF 0 OFF 0 OFF 1 ON 0 OFF 0 OFF 0 OFF 1 HIGH 0 LOW 1 HIGH 0 LOW 1 HIGH NJM3548 will once again turn the output off. Due to a slight delay in the circuit, a high current transient will occur when the output is shorted to GND. This current transient may reach 8 A during 5 s. Consequently, switching at high frequencies with a shorted output may destroy the circuit. If a short circuit condition is detected, stop switching the input and remove fault condition. Thermal protection The output of NJM3548 is equipped with a thermal shut-down function, that turns the outputs off at a chip (junction) tenperature above typically 130C. Normal operation is resumed when the temperature has decreased about 20C. Error functions The Error indicating signal occurs on a separate pin. The complete error table is shown in figure 7. The following conditions generate an error signal: When the driver is activated and at least one of the following conditions has occurred: * thermal overload * short circuit to GND * short circuit to VCC * open circuit An output current less than 8 mA might be detected as "open circuit". Output currents larger than 8 mA and less than 2 A will definitely not generate an error. The normal operational area is shown in figure 3. Also when the driver is inactivated an Error indication can occur. That is if the output is shorted to VCC. In figure 4 short circuit to VCC Error state versus output voltage is shown. When the Error-detection function is activated, the Error output is capable of sinking 8 mA, supporting direct connection of an LED. The current has to be externally limited by a series resistor. Signal diagrams The signal diagram in figure 8 shows the input signal and the resulting output signals for each error mode. For details, see error table, figure 7. VIn = Input voltage. Active = LOW. VOut = Output voltage. IOut = Output current from driver. VErr = Error output voltage. Error = LOW. VIN VOUT I OUT VErr >130 <120 Normal operation Figure 8. Signal diagram Overload or Short circuit Open circuit short circuit to VCC to GND Over temperature NJM3548 s ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Parameter Pin no. Symbol Min Max Unit Voltage Supply voltage Logic input voltage Current Logic input current Continuous DC Operation output current TO-220 Error output current Temperature Operating junction temperature (internally limited) Storage temperature Power Dissipation (Package Data) Power dissipation at TCase = 85C, TO-220 package ESD ESD tolerance (Note 2) 1 5 VCC VIn 0 -0.3 45 VCC V V 5 2 4 IIn IOut IErr Tj TStg -10 2000 -40 -55 10 +140 +150 mA mA mA C C PD 2000 11 - W V s RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Supply voltage Output current, TO-220 package Operating junction temperature Error output current VCC IOut Tj IErr 4.75 -2000 -40 - 5 40 +100 8 V mA C mA Supply voltage I CC High Supply ON Input level Low VCC 50 % I In I IH I IL VIn VIH V IL I Err Error Input NJM3548 VCE Sat VCC 90 % 50 % 10 % Output voltage Fault Detector I Out I OS I OMin I OL Output + t of t phl OFF High Input level Low 50 % C1 VSat Err GND Load VCC Output voltage 90 % 50 % 10 % t or t plh Figure 9. Definition of symbols Figure 10. Timing diagram, input vs. output. VCC = 24V NJM3548 s ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS At 5 V VCC 40 V, -40C TJ +100C. Typical values are given at VCC = 24 V, TJ = 25C. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit General Supply currrent Thermal shutdown Logic input High level input voltage Low level input voltage High level input current Low level input current Outputs Error output saturation voltage Output saturation voltage Output current shutdown Output current (not detected as open circuit) Output leakage current Clamping diode forward voltage Timing Propagation time Output low to high (50%), Output high to low (50%), Rise time (10 to 90%), Fall time (90 to 10%), ICC TJS VIH VIL IIH IIH VErr SAT VCE SAT IOS IOMIN IOL 2.0 VIN VCC 1.5 2.0 -0.3 -400 -5.0 -8 -2 - 4 +130 -4 0.2 1.9 -3.5 -3 -6 1.5 7 VCC 0.8 20 1 2.4 -2.0 -1 -8 1.8 mA C V V A A V V A mA A V 2.0 VIN VCC 0 VIN 0.8 IErr = 5 mA IOUT = -2 A 0 VIN 0.8 V 0 VIN 0.8 V 2.0 VIN VCC. Output = VCC IF = 2.0 A IOUT = - 2 A tplh tphl tor tof - 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.4 s s s s s THERMAL CHARATERISTICS Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Thermal resistance Rth J-C Rth J-A TO-220 package, junction to case TO-220 package, junction to ambient - 5 60 - C/W C/W Notes: 1. Currents are defined positive if flowing into, and negative if flowing out of a terminal. Voltages are defined between terminal and ground. 2. ESD testing according to Human Body Model (CZap = 100 pF, RZap = 1500 ) NJM3548 s APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Important application areas are: * Programmable logic control systems. * Relay control. * Hydraulic valves. * Intelligent interfaces between microprocessors and loads. * Robot techniques. * Print head drivers. * High-current stepper motor drivers. Transient protection 1. Keep VCC and GND leads as short as possible. Use different supplies if possible. 2. Connect a filter capacitor close to the circuit. Recommended filter capacitor between VCC and GND is 6.8 F, of tantalum type. A ceramic capacitor in parallel will improve high frequency decoupling. Typical values range from 0.002 F to 0.1 F. In an application having a highly stable supply and short power leads to the driver a low leakage electrolytic type can be used, which is less expensive. 3. Connect Input and Error via pull-up resistors to the appropriate logic supply level or VCC to obtain highest noise immunity. See figure 11. The resistor R1 limits the current into the Error indicating pin. This current must not exceed 8 mA. R2 is a pull-up resistor which improves noise immunity at the Input. Pull-up current should not exceed the sinking capacity of the controlling device output. 4. If several supply voltages are to be used, prefer a supply having separate ground leads. In this case the logic ground and the power ground should be connected together at only one point, the ground pin of the driver. Switch mode applications The internal diodes are normally sufficient for clamping of transients caused by inductive load turn off. External diodes may be necessary in PWM/switch mode applications, and when the terminals are externally accessible and thereby exposed to an electrically noisy environment. Recommended diodes are BYV27/100, BYV98/100, UF4001 or similar types with a trr < 100 ns and IF 1 A. Error indication signal When the circuit is switched on/off, a short pulse (tErr <10 S for resistive loads) is generated at the Error output. This is a correct detection of an incorrect level during the rise and fall times of the output voltage. Consequently the Error output should not be detected when switching on and off. An alternative is to low-pass filter at the Error output at around 100 kHz. Heat sinking NJM3548TA2 is packaged in a 5-pin TO 220 power package. The circuit GND is connected to the heat sink tab. External heatsinking is achieved by mounting the package to a heat sink. NJM3548 + 5V R1 5 k R2 NJM3548 2 To logic Voltage reference 4 Supply voltage +45 V max. Vcc + Input TTL, LS-TTL, CMOS P, controller Error 1 QS R Thermal protection Short-circuit to GND protection h 6.8 F 5 Short-circuit to Vcc detection Open circuit detection 3 Output Load GND Figure 11. Typical application. Pin numbers refer to TO 220 package Maximum allowable power dissipation [W] TO 220 Package 6 5 b c 4 * 3 a 2 1 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 Temperature [C] 100 120 140 a. Ambient temperature. No heatsink. RthJ-A =60C/W. b. Mounted on heatsink. Rth J-A =20C/W @ 4W. c. Case temperature. Rth J-C =5C/W. Figure 12. Maximum allowable power dissipation. TO 220 package NJM3548 s TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS I cc (mA) 10 I F (A) 2.0 I IN (A) 4 -40C < T J < 100C 8 1.6 T J = 25C 2 -40C T 100C J 6 1.2 0 4 0.8 -2 2 913032 0.4 -4 0 0 0 10 20 30 40 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 Vcc (V) 50 2.0 -6 VF (V) 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 VIN (V) 2.5 Figure 13. Current consumption vs. supply voltage at 2 V Vin VCCV (Inactive output) I ERR (mA) 25 Figure 14. Diode forward voltage drop vs. forward current Figure 15. Input current vs. input voltage.5 V VCC 40 V I OUT (A) 5 I OL (A) 50 T J = 25C 20 T J = 25C 4 0C T j 100C 40 15 3 30 10 2 20 -40C T j 0C 5 1 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 0 1.0 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6 3.0 0 VERR(V) 0 10 20 30 40 VCE SAT (V) VCC (V) 50 Figure 16. Error output saturation voltage vs. error current. VCC = 24 V Figure 17. Output saturation voltage vs. output current. 5 V < VCC < 40 V Figure 18. Output leakage current vs. supply voltage. 2.0 V VIN VCC Output = VCC PDIS (W) 6 5 4 I OS (A) -5 -4 -3 3 -2 2 1 0 -1 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 I Out (A) 2.5 3.0 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 TJ (C) 60 80 100 120 Figure 19. Power dissipation vs. output current. Figure 20. Output current shut-down vs. chip temperature. 5 V VCC 40 V The specifications on this databook are only given for information , without any guarantee as regards either mistakes or omissions. The application circuits in this databook are described only to show representative usages of the product and not intended for the guarantee or permission of any right including the industrial rights. |
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